Shut-in Procedures for Well Control Events
Shut-in procedures are a set of standard steps used to seal a well when a kick is detected. The goal is to contain the influx, protect the crew, and keep the situation safe while you plan the next response. Our IWCF courses train crews in these procedures for both surface and subsea stacks, helping teams meet regulatory standards and reduce risks.
Course Duration
5 Days
Certificate Validity
5 Years
Standards
API RP 59 & IWCF
Understanding shut-in procedures
These procedures involve quick actions to close off the well and stabilise it. The purpose is to stop any further influx and keep pressures under control. This supports well kill operations that follow. The core guidelines come from API RP 59 and the IWCF Well Control standards.
Your rig's procedure must be agreed and posted before any drilling begins. At Maersk Training, we use tailored IWCF procedures in our practical training and simulator exercises. Each Level 3 or Level 4 course runs for 5 days, with certificates valid for 5 years.
Every crew should know the agreed procedure before drilling starts. Keep the procedure posted on the rig floor for reference during operations.
Steps for a hard shut-in
A hard shut-in closes the well quickly by activating the BOP, then opening the choke line HCR valve. This method is used when a quick response is needed and is permitted by well equipment design. It aims to keep the kick as small as possible.
1 During Drilling
Stop drilling and rotation. Pick up off bottom and space out, keeping the tool joint out of the rams. Shut down pumps and check for flow. Close the annular preventer or pipe rams. Open the HCR valve (with the choke valve still shut).
2 After Shut-in
Record shut-in casing and drill pipe pressures. Note pit gain and time of shut-in.
3 When Tripping
Cease all operations and set the string. If flowing, install and close a full-opening safety valve. Close the annular BOP and open the HCR valve. Record all relevant pressures and pit gain.
Steps for a soft shut-in
A soft shut-in keeps the choke line open while the BOP closes, then the choke valve is shut after. This helps avoid sudden pressure spikes.
- Keep HCR Open Maintain the HCR valve in open position throughout initial response
- Stop & Space Out If kick suspected, stop rotation, pick up, and space out
- Close BOP Close the BOP element with the choke remaining open
- Monitor Pressure Watch casing pressure as it builds gradually
- Gradual Choke Close Slowly close the choke to complete the shut-in
- Record & Check Record pressures and verify against maximum allowable casing pressure
If close to limits, apply the agreed alternative control method.
Choosing between hard and soft shut-in
| Factor | Hard Shut-in | Soft Shut-in |
|---|---|---|
| Speed | Faster response time | Takes longer to complete |
| Kick Size | Often results in smaller kick | May allow larger influx |
| Pressure | May create pressure surge | Helps avoid sudden pressure spikes |
| Best For | Quick response situations | Pressure-sensitive formations |
The choice depends on your well design, equipment, and pressure limitations. Surface and subsea stacks need slightly different handling. Always follow your rig's agreed procedures and the latest IWCF guidance.
Shut-in training at Maersk Training
We teach crews to make the right shut-in decisions, apply the steps confidently, and record the key readings fast. Our Level 3 courses focus on practical response. Level 4 courses add in analysis and advanced scenarios, with simulator training and IWCF assessment included.
Shut-in procedure certificates are renewed on a 5-year cycle following industry requirements.
Keep Your Team Sharp and Compliant
Book an IWCF Level 3 or Level 4 well control course with Maersk Training today.
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